Yamaha n12 El kitabı

Marka: Yamaha

Model: n12

Kategori: Müzik ekipmanları

Tip: El kitabı

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Owner's Manual

Bedienungsanleitung

Mode d'emploi

Manual de instrucciones

EnglishDeutschFrançaisEspañol

The above warning is located on the rear of the unit.

Explanation of Graphical Symbols

The lightning ﬂash with arrowhead symbol

within an equilateral triangle is intended to alert

the user to the presence of uninsulated

“dangerous voltage” within the product’s

enclosure that may be of sufﬁcient magnitude to

constitute a risk of electric shock to persons.

The exclamation point within an equilateral

triangle is intended to alert the user to the

presence of important operating and

maintenance (servicing) instructions in the

literature accompanying the product.

IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

1 Read these instructions.

2Keep these instructions.

3 Heed all warnings.

4 Follow all instructions.

5 Do not use this apparatus near water.

6 Clean only with dry cloth.

7 Do not block any ventilation openings. Install in

accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.

8 Do not install near any heat sources such as radiators,

heat registers, stoves, or other apparatus (including

ampliﬁers) that produce heat.

9 Do not defeat the safety purpose of the polarized or

grounding-type plug. A polarized plug has two blades

with one wider than the other. A grounding type plug

has two blades and a third grounding prong. The wide

blade or the third prong are provided for your safety. If

the provided plug does not ﬁt into your outlet, consult

an electrician for replacement of the obsolete outlet.

10 Protect the power cord from being walked on or pinched

particularly at plugs, convenience receptacles, and the

point where they exit from the apparatus.

11 Only use attachments/accessories speciﬁed by the

manufacturer.

12 Use only with the cart, stand,

tripod, bracket, or table speciﬁed

by the manufacturer, or sold with

the apparatus. When a cart is

used, use caution when moving

the cart/apparatus combination

to avoid injury from tip-over.

13 Unplug this apparatus during

lightning storms or when unused for long periods of

time.

14 Refer all servicing to qualiﬁed service personnel.

Servicing is required when the apparatus has been

damaged in any way, such as power-supply cord or plug

is damaged, liquid has been spilled or objects have

fallen into the apparatus, the apparatus has been

exposed to rain or moisture, does not operate normally,

or has been dropped.

(98-6500)

CAUTION: TO REDUCE THE RISK OF

ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT REMOVE

COVER (OR BACK). NO USER-SERVICEABLE

PARTS INSIDE. REFER SERVICING TO

QUALIFIED SERVICE PERSONNEL.

CAUTION

RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK

DO NOT OPEN

WARNING

TO REDUCE THE RISK OF FIRE OR ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT EXPOSE THIS APPARATUS TO RAIN OR MOISTURE.

1. IMPORTANT NOTICE: DO NOT MODIFY THIS UNIT!

This product, when installed as indicated in the instructions con-

tained in this manual, meets FCC requirements. Modiﬁcations not

expressly approved by Yamaha may void your authority, granted by

the FCC, to use the product.

2. IMPORTANT:

When connecting this product to accessories and/

or another product use only high quality shielded cables. Cable/s

supplied with this product MUST be used. Follow all installation

instructions. Failure to follow instructions could void your FCC

authorization to use this product in the USA.

3. NOTE:

This product has been tested and found to comply with the

requirements listed in FCC Regulations, Part 15 for Class “B” digital

devices. Compliance with these requirements provides a reason-

able level of assurance that your use of this product in a residential

environment will not result in harmful interference with other elec-

tronic devices. This equipment generates/uses radio frequencies

and, if not installed and used according to the instructions found in

the users manual, may cause interference harmful to the operation

of other electronic devices. Compliance with FCC regulations does

* This applies only to products distributed by YAMAHA CORPORATION OF AMERICA. (class B)

not guarantee that interference will not occur in all installations. If

this product is found to be the source of interference, which can be

determined by turning the unit “OFF” and “ON”, please try to elimi-

nate the problem by using one of the following measures:

Relocate either this product or the device that is being affected by

the interference.

Utilize power outlets that are on different branch (circuit breaker or

fuse) circuits or install AC line ﬁlter/s.

In the case of radio or TV interference, relocate/reorient the

antenna. If the antenna lead-in is 300 ohm ribbon lead, change the

lead-in to co-axial type cable.

If these corrective measures do not produce satisfactory results,

please contact the local retailer authorized to distribute this type of

product. If you can not locate the appropriate retailer, please con-

tact Yamaha Corporation of America, Electronic Service Division,

6600 Orangethorpe Ave, Buena Park, CA90620

The above statements apply ONLY to those products distributed by

Yamaha Corporation of America or its subsidiaries.

FCC INFORMATION (U.S.A.)

The serial number of this product may be found on the rear of

the unit. You should note this serial number in the space pro-

vided below and retain this manual as a permanent record of

your purchase to aid identiﬁcation in the event of theft.

Model No.

Serial No.

(rear)

* This applies only to products distributed by

YAMAHA CORPORATION OF AMERICA.

COMPLIANCE INFORMATION STATEMENT

(DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY PROCEDURE)

Responsible Party : Yamaha Corporation of America

Address : 6600 Orangethorpe Ave., Buena Park, Calif. 90620

Telephone : 714-522-9011

Type of Equipment : Digital Mixing Studio

Model Name : n8/n12

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules.

Operation is subject to the following conditions:

1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and

2) this device must accept any interference received including interference

that may cause undesired operation.

See user manual instructions if interference to radio reception is suspected.

(FCC DoC)

OBSERVERA!

Apparaten kopplas inte ur växelströmskällan (nätet) så länge

som den ar ansluten till vägguttaget, även om själva apparaten

har stängts av.

ADVARSEL:

Netspæendingen til dette apparat er IKKE

afbrudt, sålæenge netledningen siddr i en stikkontakt, som er t

endt — også selvom der or slukket på apparatets afbryder.

VAROITUS:

Laitteen toisiopiiriin kytketty käyttökytkin ei irroita

koko laitetta verkosta.

(standby)

IMPORTANT

Please record the serial number of this unit in the space below.

Model:

Serial No.:

The serial number is located on the bottom or rear of the unit.

Retain this Owner's Manual in a safe place for future

reference.

(Ser. No)* This applies only to products distributed by

YAMAHA CORPORATION OF AMERICA

IMPORTANT NOTICE FOR THE UNITED KINGDOM

Connecting the Plug and Cord

IMPORTANT. The wires in this mains lead are coloured in accordance

with the following code:

BLUE : NEUTRAL

BROWN : LIVE

As the colours of the wires in the mains lead of this apparatus may not

correspond with the coloured makings identifying the terminals in your

plug proceed as follows:

The wire which is coloured BLUE must be connected to the terminal

which is marked with the letter N or coloured BLACK.

The wire which is coloured BROWN must be connected to the termi-

nal which is marked with the letter L or coloured RED.

Making sure that neither core is connected to the earth terminal of the

three pin plug.

• This applies only to products distributed by Yamaha-Kemble Music (U.K.) Ltd. (2 wires)

Owner’s Manual

English

Welcome .......................................... 5

Features ........................................... 5

Included items (please check) ....... 5

Turning On and Off the Power to the

Mixer ................................................ 8

Before Turning On the Power to the Mixer .............. 8

Turning the Power On and Off ................................ 8

Recording Basics ............................ 9

Techie Words? Don’t Be Afraid. .............................. 9

Signals — Level and Decibel ............................ 9

Balanced or Unbalanced? ................................ 9

How balanced lines work .................................. 9

How unbalanced lines work ............................ 10

Connector Variations ....................................... 10

Phone connectors ........................................... 10

RCA pin connectors ........................................ 10

Inside Your Mixer .................................................. 11

Basic Structure ................................................ 11

Monitor mix for musicians, external effects ..... 12

Front and Rear Panels ................... 13

Channel Control section ........................................ 13

Master Control section .......................................... 16

Meter section ......................................................... 17

Control Room section ............................................ 18

DAW Remote Control section ............................... 19

Rear I/O section .................................................... 20

Setting Up the Mixer ..................... 22

Setup Procedure ................................................... 22

n12 Setup Example (Home recording) .................. 22

n8 Setup Example (Home recording) .................... 23

Installing Monitor Speakers ................................... 23

A Hands-On Guide to the n8/n12 ... 24

Let’s Hear It! .......................................................... 24

Connecting sound sources and monitor devices

Adjusting the gain ........................................... 24

Setting up the monitoring environment ........... 25

Adjusting the volume level .............................. 26

Making Great Mixes .............................................. 28

Manipulating compression .............................. 28

Mastery of EQ .................................................. 29

Panning and balancing ................................... 30

Mixing into stereo ............................................ 30

Applying reverb ............................................... 31

Soloing a channel ............................................ 32

Using the n8/n12 with

Cubase 4 series ............................ 33

What you can do using the n8/n12 with Cubase ... 33

Computer setup for the Link function .................... 34

Using the Link Function ......................................... 36

Remotely controlling the Cubase transport section

and audio tracks ............................................. 36

Remotely adjusting the click sound (metronome)

Selecting the Work mode ................................ 36

Let’s start our recording session! .......................... 39

Mixing signals on the n8/n12, then recording . 39

Recording n8/n12 input channel signals directly to

Cubase ............................................................ 41

Mixing recorded tracks .......................................... 43

Mixing audio tracks ......................................... 43

Mixing down .................................................... 45

Monitoring in a Surround Sound

Environment (n12 only) .................. 46

Connecting surround speakers ............................. 46

Placement of the surround speakers .................... 46

Setting up surround monitoring ............................. 47

Replacing the Sweet Spot Data .... 48

Using the n8/n12 with Software Other

Than Cubase .................................. 49

Using the n8/n12 with a DAW other than Cubase . 49

Audio Driver Setup .......................................... 49

MIDI Driver Setup ............................................ 49

Using the n8/n12 along with a multimedia application

Troubleshooting ............................. 53

While using the mixer ............................................ 53

While using the mixer with a computer ................. 53

Error Messages ..................................................... 55

Index .............................................. 56

Appendix ........................................ 57

Specifications ........................................................ 57

Bus connections of n8/n12 and DAW ................... 60

Dimensional Diagrams .......................................... 63

Block Diagram ....................................................... 64

MIDI Implementation Chart ................................... 65

Table of Contents

Welcome

Owner’s Manual

English

Thank you for purchasing the Yamaha n8/n12 Digital Mixing Studio. The n8/n12 is a comprehensive music production system

that packages a digital mixer featuring easy yet full-fledged recording/mixdown operations with the cutting-edge DAW software

Cubase AI 4. Connecting a computer to the mixer’s IEEE 1394 port enables you to configure an ideal recording environment.

Please read this Owner’s Manual before you start using the n8/n12 so that you can take full advantage of the mixer’s superlative

features and enjoy trouble-free operation for years to come. Also, keep this book in a safe place for future reference.

Ease of operation

Analog-like mixing interface ensures intuitive operation.

High-quality sound

Based on an examination of existing head amp circuits, a new head amp circuit has been developed to provide higher

quality and superior musical characteristics.

Mixer functions

The mixer can handle up to 16 channel inputs (n12) or 12 channel inputs (n8), mixing them to stereo outputs. Each

monaural input jack features an XLR jack with a phantom power supply, which enables you to connect a wide range of

instruments and devices, from condenser microphones to synthesizers and other line-level instruments. Input channel 8

(n12) and Input channel 4 (n8) support Hi-Z input for direct connection of an electric guitar or bass.

Computer connection via a single IEEE 1394 cable

Connect a computer with an IEEE 1394 port to the n8/n12 using an IEEE 1394 cable to transfer audio and MIDI signals

between the mixer and Steinberg Cubase or other DAW.

* In order to monitor in a surround environment, you will need a surround-capable application such as Cubase 4. The included

Cubase AI 4 does not support surround.

Link with Cubase

Install Cubase AI 4 on the computer, and the n8/n12 will link to Cubase and operate together seamlessly. For example, you

can record the n8/n12 input signals to Cubase as is, or mix Cubase audio tracks on the n8/n12. You can also turn on and

off the monitor for the VST effects or control the transport section and tracks remotely from the n8/n12. In addition, Purchase

the separately-available Cubase 4 and use it with the n8/n12 to enjoy advanced functionality such as surround.

Control Room monitoring function

The n8/n12 features a monitoring function dedicated to the Control Room (Control Room Monitor function). You can

connect one (n8) or three (n12) monitoring speakers to the mixer. If a computer is connected to the n12, you can

monitor the sound from Cubase or another DAW in a surround sound environment.

Newly developed compressor

The n8/n12 includes a newly developed compressor that adopts Sweet Spot Morphing technology. The mixer provides

various compressor presets that represent the distillation of extensive professional engineering experience, letting you

quickly and easily bring your sound to a professional standard.

Three-band EQ on each channel

Each input channel features a full 3-band (high/mid/low) equalizer, providing easy sound shaping to suit your preferences.

Digital reverb at your service

A built-in digital reverb can be assigned to all input channels. If a computer is connected to the mixer, you can also apply

digital reverberation to output from Cubase or another DAW, as well as to microphone and other instrumental sounds.

Power adaptor (n12= PA-30, n8=PA-20)*

* May not be included depending on your particular

area. Please check with your Yamaha dealer.

Owner’s Manual

IEEE 1394 cable

TOOLS for n Version2/Cubase AI 4 installation guide

TOOLS for n Version2 CD-ROM

Cubase AI 4 DVD-ROM

Welcome

Features

Included items (please check)

Please read the software license agreement before

you unseal the included discs. The software license

agreement is given at the end of the TOOLS for n

Version2/Cubase AI 4 installation guide.

NOTE

PRECAUTIONS

Owner’s Manual

English

PRECAUTIONS

PLEASE READ CAREFULLY BEFORE PROCEEDING

* Please keep this manual in a safe place for future reference.

WARNING

Always follow the basic precautions listed below to avoid the possibility of serious injury or even death from electrical

shock, short-circuiting, damages, ﬁre or other hazards. These precautions include, but are not limited to, the following:

• Only use the voltage speciﬁed as correct for the device. The required voltage is

printed on the name plate of the device.

• Use only the included AC power adaptor (*PA-30 for the n12, PA-20 for the n8

or an equivalent recommended by Yamaha).

• Do not place the power cord near heat sources such as heaters or radiators,

and do not excessively bend or otherwise damage the cord, place heavy objects

on it, or place it in a position where anyone could walk on, trip over, or roll

anything over it.

• Do not open the device or attempt to disassemble the internal parts or modify

them in any way. The device contains no user-serviceable parts. If it should

appear to be malfunctioning, discontinue use immediately and have it

inspected by qualiﬁed Yamaha service personnel.

• Do not expose the device to rain, use it near water or in damp or wet

conditions, or place containers on it containing liquids which might spill into

any openings.

If any liquid such as water seeps into the device, turn off the power immediately

and unplug the power cord from the AC outlet. Then have the device inspected

by qualiﬁed Yamaha service personnel.

• Never insert or remove an electric plug with wet hands.

• If the power cord or plug becomes frayed or damaged, or if there is a sudden

loss of sound during use of the device, or if any unusual smells or smoke

should appear to be caused by it, immediately turn off the power switch,

disconnect the electric plug from the outlet, and have the device inspected by

qualiﬁed Yamaha service personnel.

• If this device or the AC power adaptor should be dropped or damaged,

immediately turn off the power switch, disconnect the electric plug from the

outlet, and have the device inspected by qualiﬁed Yamaha service personnel.

CAUTION

Always follow the basic precautions listed below to avoid the possibility of physical injury to you or others, or damage

to the device or other property. These precautions include, but are not limited to, the following:

• Remove the electric plug from the outlet when the device is not to be used for

extended periods of time, or during electrical storms.

• When removing the electric plug from the device or an outlet, always hold the

plug itself and not the cord. Pulling by the cord can damage it.

•To avoid generating unwanted noise, make sure there is adequate distance

between the AC power adaptor and the device.

• Do not cover or wrap the AC power adaptor with a cloth or blanket.

• Before moving the device, remove all connected cables.

• When setting up the device, make sure that the AC outlet you are using is easily

accessible. If some trouble or malfunction occurs, immediately turn off the

power switch and disconnect the plug from the outlet. Even when the power

switch is turned off, electricity is still ﬂowing to the product at the minimum

level. When you are not using the product for a long time, make sure to unplug

the power cord from the wall AC outlet.

•Avoid setting all equalizer controls and faders to their maximum. Depending on

the condition of the connected devices, doing so may cause feedback and may

damage the speakers.

• Do not expose the device to excessive dust or vibrations, or extreme cold or

heat (such as in direct sunlight, near a heater, or in a car during the day) to

prevent the possibility of panel disﬁguration or damage to the internal

components.

• Do not place the device in an unstable position where it might accidentally fall

over.

• Do not block the vents. This device has ventilation holes at the top/bottom to

prevent the internal temperature from becoming too high. In particular, do not

place the device on its side or upside down. Inadequate ventilation can result in

overheating, possibly causing damage to the device(s), or even ﬁre.

• Do not use the device in the vicinity of a TV, radio, stereo equipment, mobile

phone, or other electric devices. Doing so may result in noise, both in the

device itself and in the TV or radio next to it.

• Before connecting the device to other devices, turn off the power for all devices.

Before turning the power on or off for all devices, set all volume levels to

minimum.

Power supply/Power cord

Do not open

Water warning

If you notice any abnormality

Power supply/Power cord

Location

Connections

PRECAUTIONS

Owner’s Manual

English

• Remove the power plug from the AC outlet when cleaning the device.

• When turning on the AC power in your audio system, always turn on the power

ampliﬁer LAST, to avoid speaker damage. When turning the power off, the

power ampliﬁer should be turned off FIRST for the same reason.

• Do not insert your ﬁngers or hands in any gaps or openings on the device

(vents, ports, etc.).

•Avoid inserting or dropping foreign objects (paper, plastic, metal, etc.) into any

gaps or openings on the device (vents, ports, etc.) If this happens, turn off the

power immediately and unplug the power cord from the AC outlet. Then have

the device inspected by qualiﬁed Yamaha service personnel.

• Do not apply oil, grease, or contact cleaner to the faders. Doing so may cause

problems with electrical contact or fader motion.

• Do not use the device or headphones for a long period of time at a high or

uncomfortable volume level, since this can cause permanent hearing loss. If

you experience any hearing loss or ringing in the ears, consult a physician.

• Do not rest your weight on the device or place heavy objects on it, and avoid

use excessive force on the buttons, switches or connectors.

Always turn the power off when the device is not in use.

Even when the power switch is in the “STANDBY” position, electricity is still ﬂowing to the device at the minimum level. When you are not using the device for a long time,

make sure you unplug the power cord from the wall AC outlet.

The performance of components with moving contacts, such as switches, volume controls, and connectors, deteriorates over time. Consult qualiﬁed Yamaha service

personnel about replacing defective components.

The illustrations and LCD screens as shown in this owner’s manual are for instructional purposes only, and may appear somewhat different from those on your instrument.

This product incorporates and bundles computer programs and contents in which Yamaha owns copyrights or with respect to which it has license to use others' copyrights.

Such copyrighted materials include, without limitation, all computer software, music data, etc. Any unauthorized use of such programs and contents outside of personal use

is not permitted under relevant laws. Any violation of copyright has legal consequences. DON'T MAKE, DISTRIBUTE OR USE ILLEGAL COPIES.

Copying of the commercially available musical data including but not limited to MIDI data and/or audio data is strictly prohibited except for your personal use.

• Windows is the registered trademarks of Microsoft(R) Corporation.

• Apple, Mac and Macintosh are trademarks of Apple Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries.

• FireWire and the FireWire symbol are trademarks of Apple, Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. The FireWire logo is a trademark of Apple, Inc.

• Steinberg and Cubase are the registered trademarks of Steinberg Media Technologies GmbH.

• The company names and product names in this Owner’s Manual are the trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.

Maintenance

Handling caution

XLR-type connectors are wired as follows (IEC60268 standard): pin 1: ground, pin 2: hot (+), and pin 3: cold (-).

Insert TRS phone jacks are wired as follows: sleeve: ground, tip: send, and ring: return.

Yamaha cannot be held responsible for damage caused by improper use or modiﬁcations to the device, or data that is lost or destroyed.

Turning On and Off the Power to the Mixer

Owner’s Manual

English

Before Turning On the

Power to the Mixer

Make sure that the mixer’s power switch is in the

STANDBY position.

Connect the power adaptor to the AC INPUT

connector (

) on the rear panel of the mixer,

then turn the fastening ring clockwise (

) to

secure the connection.

Connect the power adaptor to a standard

household power outlet securely.

Turning the Power On and

Off

To turn the power on, press the mixer’s power

switch to the ON position.

To turn the power off, press the power switch to

the STANDBY position.

Tur ning On and Off the Power to the Mixer

Warning

Use only the included power adaptor (*PA-30 for the n12, PA-

20 for the n8 or an equivalent recommended by Yamaha). Use

of a different adaptor may result in equipment damage,

overheating, or fire. In such cases, the product warranty will be

void immediately even within the effective warranty period.

Caution

• Be sure to unplug the adaptor from the outlet when you are

not using the mixer, or when lightning storms are expected in

your area.

• Make sure that there is adequate distance between the

power adaptor and the mixer. Otherwise, noise may be

generated.

Caution

Note that a small amount of current continues to flow while the

switch is in the STANDBY position. If you do not plan to use the

mixer for an extended period of time, please be sure to unplug

the adaptor from the wall outlet.

To prevent sudden loud sounds from being

produced from your speakers, power-on your

equipment starting at the audio source (instrument,

mic, CD player, etc.) and working downstream.

Example:

Instruments, mics, CD players, and other

peripheral devices

→

n8/n12

→

Powered speakers

(power amps)

When turning the power off, reverse the above

sequence.

NOTE

Recording Basics

Owner’s Manual

English

Techie Words? Don’t Be Afraid.

Signals — Level and Decibel

Assume the softest sound a human being can hear is at

a level of “1,” and the loudest sound a human being can

endure hearing is at a level of “1,000,000.” The

difference expressed in these numbers is huge, and

you have to use too many digits to express the level.

This is very inconvenient. So, we use a term or unit

called “decibel (dB),” defining the normal level

difference between the softest and loudest sounds

detectable by human hearing to be 120 dB.

A decibel is a relative value based on a reference level

of 0 dB. Audio devices usually treat audio as electrical

signals. There are various types of decibel

measurements: dBu, dBV, dBm, etc., but the most

popular one is dBu, which is based on 0.775V as the

reference level (0 dBu). The output level of a

microphone is very low –– about several millivolts (–60

dBu — –30 dBu). On the other hand, the maximum

output of a mixer can be 12 V (+24 dBu).

To create clear sounds, a signal should be input to a

mixer at an appropriate level. When you connect audio

devices to your mixer, be sure to match the nominal

input of an instrument to the output level of the mixer,

then adjust the input level with the mixer’s gain control.

Balanced or Unbalanced?

In most cases, shielded cables are used to transfer

signals between audio devices. Shielded cables are

divided into two types: balanced and unbalanced.

Balanced lines are very good at rejecting noise, and

they are the best choice for long cable runs or for

transferring very weak signals. Unbalanced cables are

usually used for line-level signals.

Microphone:

Use balanced lines.

Short line-level runs:

Unbalanced lines are fine.

Long line-level runs:

Use balanced lines.

We are constantly surrounded by random electromagnetic

radiation (noise), such as radio and TV signals as well as

spurious electromagnetic noise generated by power lines,

motors, electric appliances, computers, and other

sources. The longer the wire, the more noise it is likely to

pick up. To avoid noise, use the shortest cable possible.

How balanced lines work

A cable that features an XLR plug on each end is a

balanced line. It consists of hot (+), cold (–), and

ground conductors.

A device transmits an original hot (+) signal through the

hot conductor and the same, but inverted, signal

through the cool (–) conductor to the destination. The

receiving device inverts the inverted signal back to

normal and combines it with the original hot signal.

Any noise induced in the line will be exactly the same in

both conductors, and thus in phase. The trick is that the

phase of one signal (through the cool (–) conductor) is

reversed at the receiving end of the line so that the

desired audio signals become in-phase, and the

induced noise suddenly finds itself out of phase. The

out-of-phase noise signal is effectively canceled while

the audio signal is left intact.

Recording Basics

+ 20 dBu

0 dBu

0.775 V

20 dBu

40 dBu

60 dBu

Professional audio gear, such as a

mixer or a power amplifier, features

line inputs and outputs with a

nominal level of +4 dBu.

Keyboards and other line instruments

have line inputs and outputs with a

nominal level of –10 dBu.

Microphone levels vary depending

on the sound source. Speech is at

about –30 dBu. Bird chirping is

lower than –50 dBu. Closely

recorded drums could reach 0 dBu.

input signal

gain

control

output signal

too high

appropriate

level

too low

Anatomy of a shielded cable

As shown in the illustration above, a shielded cable

consists of one hot (and cold conductor) wrapped in a

metal net (shield, or ground conductor). The ground

functions as a barrier against noise, protecting the

signal from noise that may be induced in the line.

hot

cold

shield

(ground)

jacket

balanced unbalanced

Recording Basics

Owner’s Manual

English

This is why balanced lines excel at rejecting noise.

How unbalanced lines work

Unbalanced connectors and cables are less expensive

than balanced cables. If the level of signals to be

transmitted is very high and/or the signal is not

susceptible to noise, or all connections are very short,

you can use unbalanced lines.

Monaural phone jacks and RCA pin jacks (which are

often used for consumer AV gear) are always

unbalanced. On an unbalanced line, signals travel

through a hot (+) conductor and a ground (GND)

conductor (which is a combination of cold and ground

conductors). Therefore, an unbalanced line does not

feature noise canceling (unlike a balanced cable).

However, the output signal level through unbalanced

jacks is usually high enough that using unbalanced

lines is just fine. You can also convert unbalanced

signals into balanced signals using a DI

(*)

A DI is a direct injection box that converts unbalanced

signals into balanced signals. For example, if you

connect an electric guitar to a mixer directly, the sound

may be thin or noise may be induced. In this case, you

can connect a DI between the instrument and the

mixer to convert the signal into a balanced one and

avoid a thin, noisy sound.

Connector Variations

Audio devices feature various types of connectors.

Questions you are likely to encounter when setting up a

system for the first time might include “Why all these

different types of connectors on the back of my mixer?”

and “What is the difference between various types of

connectors?”

Let’s start by taking a look at the most common types of

connectors.

XLR-type connectors

An XLR-type connector, which supports balanced lines,

is sturdy and less susceptible to deformation. The plug

features a lock mechanism, so even if you pull the

cable, it will not be disconnected. It is often used in

professional environments that demand a high level of

reliability.

When you connect an XLR cable, the ground conductor

on the XLR plug and XLR jack comes in contact first.

Therefore, unlike with an RCA pin cable or phone cable,

you can avoid pop noises when connecting an XLR

cable. Usually, male plugs will output and female plugs

will input.

Phone connectors

The name “phone” arose simply because this

configuration was first used in telephone switchboards.

Phone jacks can be stereo or monaural. A stereo phone

jack is also referred to as a “TRS” phone jack, and is set

up to handle stereo signals, such as for headphones,

and insert I/O signals. A stereo phone jack can also

handle balanced signals. A monaural phone jack is

unbalanced, and can be used to connect an electric

guitar or other instruments, to an amplifier.

RCA pin connectors

This type of unbalanced pin jack has been widely used

on home audio/video equipment for many years. The

plugs are color coded according to the signals they

carry. A white plug is used for the left audio channel,

and a red plug is used for the right audio channel.

noise

hot (+)

cold (–)

ground

(GND)

transmitter cable receiver

noise canceling

phase

inversion

phase

inversion

synthesized

signal

noise

transmitter cable receiver

male female

stereo/TRS phone plug mono phone plug

white

red

Recording Basics

Owner’s Manual

English

Inside Your Mixer

Basic Structure

The purpose of configuring an audio system around a

mixer is to collect signals from all channels and mix to

achieve a good balance. Here is a greatly simplified

block diagram of a mixer to help you understand the

signal path.

Simpliﬁed mixer block diagram

■ Input channel

1 Head amp

The very first stage in any mixer through which the

input signal flows. The head amp features a gain

control that enables you to adjust the mixer’s input

sensitivity to match the level of the source.

You can amplify small signals, and attenuate large

signals.

2 Compressor/Equalizer

This stage enables you to process the input signal.

A compressor attenuates the peak level of the input

signal, and raises the overall signal level at the same

time, to lessen the level difference and raise the

sound pressure.

An equalizer adjusts the tone by boosting

(amplifying) or cutting (attenuating) certain

frequency ranges. You can use an equalizer to

change the tone to suit the acoustic environment of

a particular room, or to create a new sound. An

equalizer could be a high pass filter that cuts the

sound below a specified frequency.

Some mixers feature compressors and/or equalizers,

and some do not.

3 Level meter (input channel)

If the signal level is too high for the head amp or

compressor/equalizer to handle, the sound will clip

and be distorted. An input channel level meter enables

you to monitor this signal level. Some mixers feature a

channel peak LED that indicates only the peak level.

If the input signal is overloaded, adjust the head

amp gain control.

Most mixers have multiple level meters (including the

indicators). It is important to know the mixer stage for

which the meters are indicating signal levels.

4 Channel fader

A channel fader enables you to adjust the level of

the corresponding input channel signal that is going

to be routed to the buses (excluding a pre-fader

signal).

This control is most often used during mixing.

■ Bus

5 Bus

Input channel signals are routed to buses, mixed

together there, then output in stereo (master).

Buses are categorized into a few types based on their

purpose: stereo bus for stereo mix, AUX bus for AUX

send, etc. Using the appropriate buses is one of the

keys to basic mixing.

The n8/n12 features the following buses:

• STEREO bus (L/R)

• AUX bus (L/R)

• REC bus (L/R)

• REVERB bus (L/R)

• SOLO bus (L/R)

■ Master section

6 Stereo (master) fader

The master section enables you to adjust the level of

signals routed from buses.

Use a stereo master fader to adjust the level of the

mixer’s main output from the stereo buses.

Depending on the design of the mixer, a fader is

provided for each bus so that you can adjust the

level of each bus output.

7 Level meter (master)

This meter indicates the signal level in the master

section, which is the mixer’s final output level.

OUT

BUS

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

COMP

input channel bus

master

section

bus

Recording Basics

Owner’s Manual

English

Monitor mix for musicians,

external effects

One important mixer function is to send out signals for

signal processing via an external effect unit or to be

monitored by the musicians. For these purposes, mixers

feature AUX bus and Insert I/O.

■ AUX buses for monitor sends

and overall effects

AUX (Auxiliary) buses are very convenient buses that

can be used for various purposes, such as: a) to create

a monitor mix that is separate from the main mix and

sent to the players for monitoring, and b) to process the

signal via an external effect unit and then bring it back

into the mix.

When you are using the AUX buses, you need to

consider whether you want a “pre-fader” signal (a signal

taken from a point before the channel fader) or a “post-

fader” signal (a signal taken from a point after the

channel fader) to be sent to the AUX buses.

On the n8/n12, a pre-fader signal is sent to the AUX

bus. Thus the bus signal is not affected by the channel

fader.

• Using AUX buses to create a monitor mix for players

Players prefer a pre-fader signal that maintains a proper

level balance. Since the pre-fader signal is sent to the

AUX bus on the n8/n12, even if you raise the input

channel fader for guitar during the guitar solo, the fader

operation does not affect the AUX bus output, which

remains independent of the main mix.

If a post-fader signal is routed to the AUX buses for

monitoring, the fader operation will affect the balance of

the monitor mix. This is something that you and the

players would probably like to avoid.

• Using AUX buses to process the signal via an

external effect unit

If you are using an AUX bus to send a pre-fader signal

to an external effect unit, you can adjust the level of the

input channel signal and the amount of effect

separately.

For example, if you operate the fader for the input

channel signal that is sent to the effect unit, the balance

between the dry signal (unprocessed) and the wet

signal (processed by the effect unit) will change. To

maintain the same balance between the dry and wet

signals, you must adjust the AUX send level whenever

you adjust the channel fader.

■ Insert I/O for processing

individual channel signals

Insert I/O jacks function in a manner similar to the AUX

buses: they provide a send and a return for signal

processing via an external effect unit. However, unlike

AUX buses that “collect multiple channel signals, then

send them together to an effect unit,” insert I/O jacks

are used to “send an individual channel signal to an

external effect unit, then return it to the mixer.”

A channel signal that is routed to the insert out jack has

already been amplified or attenuated to an appropriate

level via the gain control. Connect a compressor, limiter,

equalizer or other effect unit that can control the overall

signal to the insert I/O jacks.

You can also connect a reverb or similar effect unit to

process only a single channel signal.

When you connect an effect unit to the insert I/O jacks,

the channel signal will be routed to the external effect

unit via the insert out jack. The signal will be processed

by the effect unit, then returned to the mixer via the

insert in jack. It then resumes its normal path.

PRE

AUX BUS

STEREO BUS

channel

fader

stereo fader

AUX send level

■ Built-in digital reverb

The n8/n12 features a REVERB bus that is dedicated

to the built-in digital reverb. This is almost identical to

the AUX bus, and can be used to send signals to the

built-in digital reverb.

The only difference from the AUX bus is that a post-

fader signal is routed to the REVERB bus. Therefore,

the send level is affected by the channel fader, so

the effect level always remains in proportion to the

channel signal when you adjust the channel fader.

POST

OUT

REVERB BUS

STEREO BUS

channel fader

stereo fader

REVERB

send level

digital

reverb

INSERT

OUT

INPUT CHANNEL

INSERT

effect unit

channel

fader

Front and Rear Panels

Owner’s Manual

English

Channel Control section

1 [GAIN] control

This control adjusts the input signal level from the input

jacks (sensitivity). The adjustable range on each

monaural channel varies depending on the on/off status

of the [PAD] switch (

To achieve a quality sound with a good S/N ratio and

a wide dynamic range, set this control as high as

possible without allowing the OVER LED (see

page 15) to light.

2 [PAD] switch

This switch turns each channel pad on and off.

When it is turned on ( ), the input signal from the

input jacks is attenuated by 26 dB. Turn the switch

off ( ) when you connect a microphone or other

device with a low input level to the corresponding

monaural channel. Turn it on ( ) when you

connect a synthesizer or other line-level instruments.

3 switch (high pass filter)

This switch toggles the high pass filter on or off.

When the switch is turned on ( ), the high pass

filter cuts frequencies below 80 Hz of the signal from

the input jacks.

4 PHANTOM [+48V] switch

This switch toggles phantom power for condenser

microphones on and off. If you are connecting

condenser microphones to the XLR-type INPUT A

jacks on the rear panel, turn the switch on ( ).

(The switch LED lights up.)

Each phantom switch turns the phantom power on and

off for four channels simultaneously. (Channels 1-4 and

channels 5-8 on the n12, and channels 1-4 on the n8).

Front and Rear Panels

)

n12

Monaural input channel

[PAD] switch is

on ( ).

The level can be adjusted between

–34 dB and +10 dB.

[PAD] switch is

off ( ).

The level can be adjusted between

–60 dB and –16 dB.

Stereo input channel

The level can be adjusted between –26 dB and +4 dB.

When the switch is turned on, phantom power DC

+48V will be supplied to Pin 2 and Pin 3 of the

corresponding XLR-type INPUT A jacks.

NOTE

Front and Rear Panels

Owner’s Manual

English

5 [PHASE] switch

Turning this switch on ( ) inverts the phase of the

signal from the input jacks.

For more information on the [PHASE] switch, refer to

“Tip for compensating for the phase offset” on

page 15.

6 [Hi-Z] switch

If you are connecting an electric guitar or electric

bass that has passive-type pickups and no built-in

preamp directly to the INPUT B jack of input channel

8 (on the n12) or input channel 4 (on the n8), turn

this switch on ( ).

7 [INPUT SELECT] switch

This switch determines whether the input jack signal

(A.IN) or the DAW signal (the output from Cubase or

another DAW) will be routed to the input channels.

8 Compressor controls

These compressor controls enable you to operate the

compressor for each monaural input channel

(channels 1-4 on the n8, and channels 1-8 on the n12).

The following two controls are available for each

compressor: [MORPH] control and [DRIVE] control.

[MORPH] control

This control specifies the compressor setting. Knob

positions A-E correspond to different presets. You

can easily change the compressor setting by rotating

the control. Knob positions between alphabetical

settings will use an intermediate value taken from

between two corresponding preset values.

[DRIVE] control

This control specifies the amount of compression. As

you rotate the control clockwise, more compression

is applied. The output level changes automatically

as the amount of compression changes.

COMP LED

This LED lights up when the compressor is triggered.

9 Equalizer (EQ)

This three-band equalizer adjusts the input channel’s

high, mid, and low frequency bands. You can also

adjust the center frequency for the mid band.

[HIGH] gain control

This control adjusts the high band gain.

[MID] frequency control

This control adjusts the mid band center frequency.

[MID] gain control

This control adjusts the mid band gain.

[LOW] gain control

This control adjusts the low band gain.

Setting each gain control knob to the “▼” position

produces a flat frequency response (no boost).

Turning the knob clockwise boosts the

corresponding frequency band, while turning

counter-clockwise attenuates the band.

To raise the mid band center frequency, turn the

[MID] frequency control clockwise. To lower the

center frequency, turn the [MID] frequency control

counter-clockwise. At the center position, the center

frequency is 1.0 kHz.

The following table shows the EQ type, center frequency,

and maximum cut/boost for each of the three bands.

) [REVERB] control

This control adjusts the level of the input channel

signal sent to the internal digital reverb (i.e.,

determines how much reverb will be applied).

When you set the knob to the “▼” position, the input

channel signal at the nominal level (0 dB) will be

sent to the internal digital reverb.

! [AUX] control

This control adjusts the level of the input channel

signal sent to the AUX bus. Use this control when

you are sending a mix monitoring signal to the

musicians, or sending the signal to an external

device, such as an effects processor.

@ [PAN] and [BAL] controls

[PAN] control

This control determines the stereo position of the

monaural input channel. Rotate the knob clockwise to

pan the signal right, and counter-clockwise to pan left.

[BAL] control

This control determines the volume balance between

the left and right stereo channels. Odd channel

signals are fed to the L bus, and even channel

signals are fed to the R bus. For example, rotate the

[BAL] control all the way to right to output only the

even (right) channel signals.

Caution

• Be sure to leave this switch off ( ) if you do not need

phantom power.

• When turning the switch on ( ), make sure that only

condenser microphones are connected to the INPUT A jacks.

Devices other than condenser microphones may be

damaged if they are connected to the phantom power supply.

Note, however, that the switch may be left on when you

connect balanced dynamic microphones.

• To avoid damage to your hearing or speakers, be sure to roll

off the volume level of the amplifier (or powered speakers)

before turning this switch on or off. Yamaha also

recommends that you turn all output controls, such as the

STEREO fader and [C-R PHONES LEVEL] control to

minimum settings before operating the switch.

Use an unbalanced cable when you connect an electric

guitar or bass and turn the [Hi-Z] switch on. If you use a

balanced cable, the mixer will not work correctly.

For more information on how to use the compressor,

please refer to page 28.

NOTE

Band Type Center Frequency

Maximum

Cut/Boost

HIGH shelving 10 kHz ±18 dB

MID peaking 100 Hz – 10 kHz ±18 dB

LOW shelving 90 Hz ±18 dB

When the Channel Control [WET] switch is on,

signals via a DAW will be directly routed to the AUX

bus (Monitor Remote function). Therefore, the [AUX]

control will be temporarily disabled while the [WET]

switch is turned on.

NOTE

Front and Rear Panels

Owner’s Manual

English

# [SOLO] switch

This switch turns the Solo function on and off. Turn

this switch on (the switch LED lights up), if you want

to listen to certain channels without changing the

mix contents or signal path.

$ Channel [ON] switch

Switches each channel on and off. If you turn the

switch on, the channel signal will be sent to each

bus. When the switch is turned off (the switch

indicator turns off), the channel signal will be sent

only to the AUX bus.

% Channel fader

The channel fader adjusts the input channel signal

level. The fader at the “0” position corresponds to

the nominal output level. This means that the pre-

fader level and post-fader level are identical.

^ Input meter

The four LEDs indicate the input channel signal

level. When the input signal is clipping, the OVER

LED will light up.

You can check the level of the post-fader

signal via the input meter by setting the [INPUT

METER] switch (page 17) in the Meter section to

“POST.”

& [WET] switch

The Monitor Remote function can be used to select

whether or not the input channel monitor signal will

be processed via software effects. If you turn this

switch on (the LED lights up) while Cubase and the

mixer are linked and operating together, you can

monitor a wet signal (an input signal that has been

processed via the VST or other effects).

* [REC] switch and [ST] switch

These switches route the signal to the specified

buses. Turn the [ST] switch on (the LED lights up) to

route the channel signal to the stereo L/R buses.

Turn the [REC] switch on to route the channel signal

to the REC (L/R) buses.

If you switch the monitor source by using the [C-R

SOURCE SELECT] switch (page 18), all channel

[SOLO] switches will be reset to off.

Direct output to a connected computer is always

available regardless of the channel [ON] switch

status.

• While this switch is turned on, the [AUX] control

for the corresponding input channel will be

disabled.

• To use the Monitor Remote function, you must

turn on the MONITOR REMOTE [ON] switch

(page 19) (the switch LED will light up).

• This switch will work while the Cubase Direct

Monitoring function is turned off when both

devices Steinberg MR816 CSX/MR816 X and n8/

n12 are connected to a computer. You will not be

able to monitor the n8/n12 input signals while both

the Cubase Direct Monitoring function and the

[WET] switch are turned on.

NOTE

Only

NOTE

Tip for compensating for the phase offset

When you are recording a single instrument using

multiple microphones, the position and the distance

between the instrument and microphones may cause

the phase of each recorded signal to be offset

against each other (out of phase). If you try to mix

such signals, the signals will interfere with each

other, resulting in a thin sound.

For example if you record the sound of a guitar

amplifier by placing microphones in front of and

behind it in order to capture the resonance of the

cabinet, the microphone placed behind the amplifier

will pick up a signal with an offset phase. In this

case, turn the [PHASE] switch (

) on to avoid the

phase offset and interference.

phase

offset

phase of mic

signal from

behind

phase of mic

signal from in

front

Front and Rear Panels

Owner’s Manual

English

Master Control section

1 Reverb section

This section enables you to set the type, output level,

and other settings for the internal digital reverb.

REVERB [TYPE] switch

This switch determines the type of internal digital reverb.

Each press of the switch cycles through different

effect types in this order: HALL → ROOM → PLATE.

[REVERB TIME] control

This control adjusts the reverb time (duration of

reverberation) of the internal digital reverb. Rotating

the knob counter-clockwise will shorten the duration,

and rotating it clockwise will extend the duration.

REVERB [LEVEL] control

This control adjusts the output level of the internal

digital reverb. The “▼” position corresponds to the

nominal level (0 dB).

[TO AUX]/[TO REC]/[TO ST] switches

These switches route the output signal from the internal

digital reverb to the AUX, REC, or STEREO buses. Turn

the desired switch on ( ) to route the output from the

internal digital reverb to the desired buses.

2 2TR TO ST section

This section enables you to adjust the level of and

route the signal input from the 2TR IN jacks (page 20).

[LEVEL] control

Adjusts the level of the signal input from the 2TR IN jacks.

The “▼” position corresponds to the nominal level (0 dB).

[ON] switch

This switch determines whether the 2TR IN signal will be

sent to the STEREO buses. When the switch is turned on

( ), the 2TR IN signal is sent to the stereo buses.

3 DAW TO ST section

This section enables you to adjust the level of and

route the stereo signal transmitted from the DAW

(DAW IN 1/2).

[LEVEL] control

This control adjusts the level of the stereo DAW

signal to the STEREO buses. The knob set to the “▼”

position corresponds to the nominal level (0 dB).

[ON] switch

This switch determines whether the stereo output signal

from the DAW will be routed to the STEREO buses.

When the switch is turned on ( ), the stereo output

from the DAW will be sent to the mixer’s STEREO buses.

4 STEREO [BAL] control

This control adjusts the left and right volume balance

of the stereo channels (STEREO L/R).

5 [PFL] (Pre-Fader Listen) switch

If you want to monitor pre-fader input channel

signals when you are using the Solo function, turn

this switch on ( ).

6 STEREO [ON] switch

This switch turns on and off the signal output from

the ST OUT jacks. When the switch is on ( ), the

signal is output from the ST OUT jacks.

7 STEREO fader

This fader adjusts the level of the signal output from

the ST OUT jacks. The “0” position corresponds to

the nominal output level (0 dB).

HALL Simulates reverberation in a concert hall.

ROOM Simulates reverberation in a room.

PLATE Simulates reverberation of a plate echo.

If you turn on the C-R SOURCE SELECT

[5.1] switch, the DAW TO ST [ON] switch will be

disabled.

While this switch is turned on, if you also

turn the [SOLO] switch on, the monitor signal

volume may become very loud. In this case, use the

[SOLO LEVEL] control (page 17) to adjust the

monitoring volume level. The monitoring volume

level of the n8 is always attenuated by 12 dB.

NOTE

Only

NOTE

Only

Front and Rear Panels

Owner’s Manual

English

Meter section

1 Microphone

This is a built-in talkback microphone.

2 [SOLO LEVEL] control

This control adjusts the SOLO L/R bus output level. The

adjustable range is from –∞ to +6 dB. The “▼” position

corresponds to the nominal output level (0 dB).

3 [DAW TO AUX] control

This control adjusts the level of the signal routed

from the DAW AUX output (n12= DAW IN 15/16, n8=

DAW IN 11/12) to the AUX buses. The “▼” position

corresponds to the nominal output level (0 dB).

4 [AUX LEVEL] control

Adjusts the AUX OUT signal level (page 21). The “▼”

position corresponds to the nominal output level (0 dB).

5 AUX PHONES jack

This headphone connector outputs the AUX bus

signal. Use this connector to send a monitor signal

to the musicians. The output level at this jack can be

adjusted independently of the AUX OUT jacks.

6 [AUX PHONES] control

This control adjusts the output level at the AUX

PHONES jack. The “▼” position corresponds to the

nominal output level (0 dB).

7 C-R PHONES jack

This headphone jack outputs the control room

signal. The output level at this jack can be adjusted

independently from that of the C-R OUT jacks.

8 [C-R PHONES] control

This control adjusts the output level at the C-R

PHONES jack. The “▼” position corresponds to the

nominal output level (0 dB).

9 CUBASE READY indicator

This indicator lights up when the mixer is ready to be

operated with Cubase 4/Cubase Studio 4/Cubase

Essential 4/Cubase AI 4; that is, when the computer

is connected to the n8/n12 and Cubase is linked to

the mixer correctly.

) MASTER LEVEL METER

■ n12

This meter indicates the level of the STEREO/REC/AUX

bus signals, or the output level at the C-R OUT jack. To

switch the meter view, use the [METER SELECT] switch

(

). Depending on the setting of the [METER SELECT]

switch, the meter indication will change as follows:

* Surround channels are indicated in parentheses.

■ n8

This meter indicates the output level at the C-R OUT

jacks.

! [METER SELECT] switch

This switch determines which signal will be indicated

via the MASTER LEVEL METER. Pressing the switch

will toggle between C-R (C-R OUT jacks) and BUS

(STEREO/REC/AUX bus).

@ [INPUT METER] switch

This switch selects the signal whose level is

indicated on the input meter (page 15) in the

Channel Control section. Pressing the switch

repeatedly toggles between PRE (pre-fader) and

POST (post-fader).

n12 n8

4365

)

3 8

56 7

)

While you are using the Monitor Remote function

(page 33), signals that pass through the DAW will be

directly routed to the AUX bus.

Only

NOTE

[METER

SELECT]

switch

Meter A Meter B Meter C

C-R*

C-R OUT

jacks A

(L/R)

C-R OUT

jacks B

(C/SW)

C-R OUT

jacks C

(LS/RS)

BUS

STEREO

bus

REC bus AUX bus

Only

Front and Rear Panels

Owner’s Manual

English

Control Room section

1 C-R SPEAKER SELECT switches

These switches select the jacks that will output the

control room monitor signal. When you turn on one of

the switches, the LED lights up, and the

corresponding jacks output the monitoring signal.

2 [DOWN MIX] switch

This switch converts 5.1-ch surround signals (input

from the DAW) into 2-ch L/R signals. While the

switch is on, converted 2-ch signals are output from

the C-R OUT jacks A.

3 C-R SOURCE SELECT switches

These switches enable you to select a monitoring source

(the signal output from the C-R OUT jacks). The

following switches and monitoring sources are available:

4 [DIMMER] switch

This switch turns on and off the Dimmer function that

temporarily lowers the monitoring volume. For

example, this can be convenient when you want to

have a conversation in the control room.

5 [MUTE] switch

This switch turns on and off the Mute function that

mutes the monitoring signal. Repeatedly pressing

the switch toggles between on (the switch will light

up) and off (the switch will turn off).

6 [CONTROL ROOM LEVEL] control

This control adjusts the monitoring volume in the

control room. Turning the knob clockwise will

increase the volume level.

7 TALKBACK [LEVEL] control

This control adjusts the input level of the built-in

microphone. The “▼” position corresponds to the

nominal level (0 dB).

8 [TALKBACK] switch

While this switch is being pressed, you can

communicate with the musicians (Talkback function).

When the Talkback function is turned on, the switch LED

will flash and the Dimmer function (

) will be enabled.

n12 n8

Switch Output jacks

C-R SPEAKER SELECT [A]

switch

C-R OUT jacks A (L/R)

C-R SPEAKER SELECT [B]

switch

C-R OUT jacks B (L/R)

C-R SPEAKER SELECT [C]

switch

C-R OUT jacks C (L/R)

While the C-R SOURCE SELECT (

) [5.1] switch is

turned on, you can use these switches to individually

turn the surround channels on and off. For more

information, please refer to page 47.

• In order to monitor in a surround environment, you will

need a surround-capable application such as Cubase 4.

The included Cubase AI 4 does not support surround.

• This switch is effective only while the C-R

SOURCE SELECT [5.1] switch is turned on.

[5.1] switch

Enables you to monitor the 5.1-ch surround

signal input from the DAW. (page 46)

[DAW]

switch

Enables you to monitor the DAW stereo

signal (DAW IN 1/2).

[ST] switch

Enables you to monitor the STEREO

bus signal.

[AUX]

switch

Enables you to monitor the AUX bus

signal.

[2TR]

switch

Enables you to monitor only the input

signal at the 2TR IN jacks.

Only

NOTE

Only

NOTE

Only

• In order to monitor in a surround

environment, you will need Cubase 4. The

included Cubase AI 4 does not support surround.

• You can turn on the [5.1] switch and [ST] switch

simultaneously. In this case, the 5.1-ch L/R signal

and STEREO bus L/R channel signals will be

mixed and output.

The talkback signal will be sent to the AUX outputs

(AUX PHONES jack and AUX OUT jacks).

NOTE

Only

NOTE

Front and Rear Panels

Owner’s Manual

English

DAW Remote Control section

1 WORK MODE switches

These switches enable you to change the connection

status between the n8/n12 and Cubase all at once. The

following connection settings (Work modes) can be

selected depending on your needs. Pressing each

switch changes I/O settings and bus assignments.

2 MONITOR REMOTE [ON] switch

This switch turns on and off the Monitor Remote

function that enables you to process the input

channel and REC bus signals via the VST effects and

monitor them. When the switch is turned on (the

switch will light up), the input channel [WET] switches

(page 15), the MONITOR REMOTE [REC BUS WET]

switch (

), and other switches become available.

3 MONITOR REMOTE [REC BUS WET] switch

This button determines how to monitor the signals

that is being recorded via the REC bus with the

Monitor Remote function (page 33). When this switch

is on, you can monitor the REC bus signals that have

been processed within Cubase by VST effects, etc.

4 CLICK REMOTE [ON] switch

This switch remotely turns on and off the metronome

(click sound) in Cubase. If you turn the metronome

ON in Cubase, this switch will reflect the setting.

5 [CLICK LEVEL] control

This control adjusts the volume level of the Cubase

metronome (click sound). Turning the knob

clockwise will raise the volume, and turning the knob

counter-clockwise will lower the volume.

6 TRACK CONTROL switches

These switches remotely control Cubase tracks.

Each switch features the following function:

7 TRANSPORT switches

These switches remotely control the transport section

in Cubase. Each switch has the following function:

n12 n8

All switches in this section are enabled only when

the n8/n12 is connected to the computer via an

IEEE1394 cable and the mixer’s operation is linked

to Cubase 4/Cubase Studio 4/Cubase Essential 4/

Cubase AI 4. For more information on the Cubase

Link function, please refer to page 33.

ST MIX

Enables you to monitor on the n8/n12 the

stereo signal mixed in the Cubase mixer

and output from the DAW.

HARDWARE

MIX

Enables you to output Cubase audio

tracks individually to the n8/n12, then mix

them on the n8/n12.

5.1 MIX

Enables you to create a 5.1-ch

surround mix in Cubase 4.

For information on operations in each Work mode,

please refer to page 36.

• To use the Monitor Remote function, turn on the

MONITOR REMOTE [ON] switch (

) (the switch

LED will light up).

• To monitor an effect signal that has been

processed by the VST effects, you must turn on

the Record Enable button for the destination audio

track in Cubase.

NOTE

Only

NOTE

[PREV ▲]

switch

Selects the previous track (the track

one above in the track list) in Cubase.

[NEXT ▼]

switch

Selects the next track (the track one

below in the track list) in Cubase.

[REC READY]

switch

Turns on and off the Record Enable

button for the track selected in Cubase.

[CYCLE] switch Turns Cycle mode on and off.

[] switch

Moves the current position to the

previous marker (or the beginning of

the project if there is no marker in the

backward direction).

[ADD] switch

Adds a marker at the current

position.

[] switch

Moves the current position to the

next marker.

[] switch Rewind

[] switch Fast forward

[■] switch Stops the project playback.

[] switch Plays the project.

[REC] switch

Records the track(s) whose

Record Enable button is on

Front and Rear Panels

Owner’s Manual

English

Rear I/O section

1 ANALOG INPUT jacks (monaural)

These monaural channel input jacks are used to connect

microphones or musical instruments. Each input channel

features two types of jacks (INPUT A and INPUT B).

INPUT A jacks

These are balanced XLR-type input jacks.

INPUT B jacks

These are balanced TRS phone-type input jacks that

also support unbalanced connections.

2 INSERT I/O jacks

These phone-type unbalanced I/O jacks are

positioned immediately before the A/D converter.

You can connect your effects processor or other

devices directly to these input channels.

3 ANALOG INPUT jacks (stereo)

These are stereo input jacks that connect line-level

instruments, such as a synthesizer. Two jack types

are provided: phone type and RCA pin type.

Phone type

These are unbalanced stereo input jacks.

RCA pin type

These are unbalanced stereo input jacks.

Connect odd channels to the L jacks, and even

channels to the R jacks. If you connect only odd

channels to the phone-type jacks, the same signals

will be fed to the even channels, resulting in

monaural inputs.

4 2TR IN jacks

Use these unbalanced RCA pin jacks to input a

stereo sound source.

Use these jacks when you want to connect a CD or

other music source to the n8/n12 for monitoring.

You can adjust the level of signals input via these

jacks using the [2TR TO ST] control (page 16) in the

Master Control section.

!@ 7 6 5 2

8) 43 1

256@

98 ) 4 3 1

n12

You may use either of these jacks, but you may not

use both at the same time. If you connect cables to

both jacks, INPUT B jack will take priority.

These are TRS phone jacks that support bidirectional

operation. Connection to an INSERT I/O jack

requires a special insertion cable as illustrated below.

Use a separately-sold Yamaha insertion cable

(YIC025/050/070).

NOTE

To the INSERT I/O jack

sleeve

ring

tip

sleeve tip

To the output jack of

the external processor

To the input jack of the

external processor

If you connect cables to both phone type and RCA

pin type jacks, signals are mixed before the [GAIN]

control, then input to the corresponding channel.

NOTE

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Model: n12

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